Oil and Gas: Terms & Glossary (2)

Cage	Metal enclosure surrounding a ladder providing worker safety.
Cap	Butt-weld fitting used to close the end of a pipe run.
Carbon steel	Chief manufacturing material of pipe and fittings used in industrial piping applications.
Catalyst	Compound used to induce a chemical reaction.
Centrifugal	"Center-fleeing" action caused by a spinning impeller.
Charge.	The initial feed used in a fractional distillation process.
Check valve	Valve used to prevent backflow.
Chemical plant	Facility that converts semi-refined products into usable consumer products.
Codes	A collection of regulations and procedures for design, construction, and operation of a facility.
Coefficient of expansion	The numerical factor of expansion/contraction of a substance based on a change in temperature.
Column	See fractionation column. Also, a vertical steel or concrete member that supports structures, pipe racks, buildings, etc.
Companion flange	Mating flange of the same size and pound rating as the nozzle, valve, or fitting to which it is bolted.
Compressor	Mechanical device used to compress gases or vapors.
Concentric	Reducer or swage having a common center line.
Condensate	The liquid that has been removed from a gas or vapors.
Condenser	Mechanical apparatus that cools a gas or vapor to the point of condensing.
Conduit	Protective covering around electrical wires and cables.
Control building	Building from which monitoring and operation of remotely installed instruments are made.
Control panel	A cabinet or desk-type housing containing monitoring instruments.
Control station	A U-shaped series of valves and fittings that allows for the monitoring, control, and regulation of flow or pressure through a piping system.
Control valve	Typically having a globe valve body, this valve provides a method to automatically and remotely control the fluid flow and pressure through a pipe.
Controller	A device used to maintain a specified liquid level, temperature, or flow inside a vessel or piping system.
Cooler	Mechanical apparatus used to reduce the temperature of a liquid commodity.
Cooling tower.	A mechanical device that dissipates heat by evaporation of water sprayed into a forced-air tower.
Cooling water	Water used in any cooling process that will lower the temperature of a commodity.
Coordinates	Intersecting north-south and east-west lines used to position foundations, equipment, supports, buildings, etc., on a drawing.
Corrosion	The dissolving of surface material by chemical reaction.
Corrosion allowance	The amount of surface material allowed to be eroded by the commodity within a pipe while permitting the pipe to remain usable for the particular service for which it was installed.
Coupling	Fitting used to join two lengths of screwed pipe together. Also used as a branch connection on pipe or a nozzle connection on equipment.
Crude oil	The natural state of unrefined oil product. Primary source of fractionated hydrocarbon by-products.

Hemingway Oil and Gas Law and Taxation